1. Home
  2. Glossary
  3. Screed
Glossary: Tools and finishes

Screed

Definition

A screed is the straight edge or powered tool dragged across freshly placed concrete to strike it level with the top of the forms, and to screed is the act of making that pass, the first working step on any slab, done before floating, edging or jointing begins.

The first pass, not the last

Concrete comes out of a chute or off the end of a hose in a rough, uneven pile, higher in some spots than others. Screeding is what turns that pile into a flat plane at the right thickness, sitting level with the top edge of the forms. Two people can screed a small slab with a straight board pulled across the top of the forms in a sawing motion, working the excess ahead of the board and off the end. A bigger pour or a stiffer mix often calls for a powered screed with a vibrating head, which helps the concrete settle into the corners as it strikes off.

Screeding and floating are two different jobs

It is easy to hear screed, float and finish used back to back and assume they are one motion. They are not. Screeding sets the grade and removes excess concrete, nothing more. Floating comes after, once the water sheen has left the surface, and its job is to consolidate what is already at the right level, working a bull float or a mag float over the same area to knock down ridges and press small voids closed. Skipping straight to floating without a proper screed pass leaves a slab that is smooth on top and wrong underneath, thick in some spots and thin in others.

What a bad screed pass costs you later

A slab that comes off the screed out of level is hard to fix afterward. Water pools where it should be running toward a drain or off a patio edge, and a floor meant to hold a car lift or a workbench ends up with a low corner nobody notices until something on it does not sit flat. Getting the screed right the first time, and checking fall in more than one direction while the forms are still adjustable, is cheaper than any fix that comes after the concrete has set.

Good questions

Is screeding the same as floating?

No. Screeding strikes the concrete level with the forms and sets the grade. Floating happens after, once the surface sheen has left, and its job is to smooth and consolidate what the screed already leveled. A slab needs both, in that order, and skipping the screed pass leaves the grade wrong no matter how well the floating goes.

Do you use a hand screed or a powered one?

It depends on the size of the pour and how stiff the mix is. A hand held straight board works fine for a small slab. A bigger pour or a stiffer mix often gets a powered, vibrating screed instead, because the vibration helps the concrete settle evenly across a wider area than two people can manage by hand alone.

Worried a slab is not sitting level?

Tell us where the low spot is and what the slab is for, and we will tell you honestly whether that is something to watch or something that needs a closer look.

Call Free Quote